gawk 4.0.0 release!!!

yinyuemi

大家可以到GNU的ftp上下載下來爽一爽， ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gawk，粗略的看了下介紹，新版本的gawk功能更強大了！�。�
下面是4.0.0版本gawk的一些新的features（測試了下部分功能）：
http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/info-gnu/2011-06/msg00013.html

   Copyright (C) 2010, 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

   Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification,
   are permitted in any medium without royalty provided the copyright
   notice and this notice are preserved.

Changes from 3.1.8 to 4.0.0
---------------------------

1. The special files /dev/pid, /dev/ppid, /dev/pgrpid and /dev/user are
   now completely gone. Use PROCINFO instead.

2. The POSIX 2008 behavior for `sub' and `gsub' are now the default.
   THIS CHANGES BEHAVIOR!!!!

1. 
   
2. echo '11122211' |awk '{sub(/1{3}/,"")}1'
   
3. 22211

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3. The \s and \S escape sequences are now recognized in regular expressions.

1. 
   
2. echo '111 222  11' |awk '{gsub(/\s/,"")}1'
   
3. 11122211

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4. The split() function accepts an optional fourth argument which is an array
   to hold the values of the separators.

1. echo '111-222|33' |awk '{split($0,a,/[-|]/,seps);print "a[1] = "a[1] RS "a[2] = "a[2] RS "a[3] = "a[3] RS "spes[1] = "seps[1] RS "speS[2] = "seps[2]}'
   
2. a[1] = 111
   
3. a[2] = 222
   
4. a[3] = 33
   
5. spes[1] = -
   
6. speS[2] = |
   

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5. New -b / --characters-as-bytes option that means "hands off my data"; gawk
   won't try to treat input as a multibyte string.

6. New --sandbox option; see the doc.

1. --sandbox
   
2.     Disable the system() function, input redirections with getline, output redirections with print and printf, and dynamic extensions. This is particularly useful when you want to run awk scripts from questionable sources and need to make sure the scripts can't access your system (other than the specified input data file).

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7. Indirect function calls are now available.

1. --With indirect function calls, you tell gawk to use the value of a variable as the name of the function to call.

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8. Interval expressions are now part of default regular expressions for
   GNU Awk syntax.

9. --gen-po is now correctly named --gen-pot.

10. switch / case is now enabled by default. There's no longer a need
    for a configure-time option.

1. --Control flow in the switch statement works as it does in C.
   
2. 
   
3. seq 10 |awk '{switch ($0%2){
   
4. case "0":
   
5. print "even number: "$0;break
   
6. default:
   
7. print "odd number: "$0
   
8. }
   
9. }'
   
10. odd number: 1
    
11. even number: 2
    
12. odd number: 3
    
13. even number: 4
    
14. odd number: 5
    
15. even number: 6
    
16. odd number: 7
    
17. even number: 8
    
18. odd number: 9
    
19. even number: 10
    

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11. Gawk now supports BEGINFILE and ENDFILE. See the doc for details.

--The body of the BEGINFILE rules is executed just before gawk reads the first record from a file. FILENAME is set to the name of the current file, and FNR is set to zero.
--The ENDFILE rule is called when gawk has finished processing the last record in an input file. For the last input file, it will be called before any END rules. (這兩個功能真的很酷,尤其是在處理多個文件時，如下面：)

1. 
   
2. head f1 f2
   
3. ==> f1 <==
   
4. aaa
   
5. bbb
   
6. ccc
   
7. 
   
8. ==> f2 <==
   
9. aaa
   
10. bbb
    
11. ccc
    
12. 
    
13. awk 'BEGIN{print"BEGIN: ---"}BEGINFILE{print "\nBEGINFILE: +++"}{print}ENDFILE{print"ENDFILE: +++\n"}END{print"END: ---"}' f1 f2
    
14. BEGIN: ---
    
15. 
    
16. BEGINFILE: +++
    
17. aaa
    
18. bbb
    
19. ccc
    
20. ENDFILE: +++
    
21. 
    
22. 
    
23. BEGINFILE: +++
    
24. aaa
    
25. bbb
    
26. ccc
    
27. ENDFILE: +++
    
28. 
    
29. END: ---
    

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12. Directories named on the command line now produce a warning, not
    a fatal error, unless --posix or --traditional.

13. The new FPAT variable allows you to specify a regexp that matches
    the fields, instead of matching the field separator. The new patsplit()
    function gives the same capability for splitting.

--The value of FPAT should be a string that provides a regular expression. This regular expression describes the contents of each field.

1. 
   
2. echo '111-222|33' |awk -vFS="[-|]" '{print "$1 = "$1 RS "$2 = "$2 RS "$3 = "$3}'
   
3. $1 = 111
   
4. $2 = 222
   
5. $3 = 33
   
6. 
   
7. #如果用FPAT呢？
   
8. 
   
9. echo '111-222|33' |awk -vFPAT="[^-|]+" '{print "$1 = "$1 RS "$2 = "$2 RS "$3 = "$3}'
   
10. $1 = 111
    
11. $2 = 222
    
12. $3 = 33
    

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14. All long options now have short options, for use in `#!' scripts.

15. Support for IPv6 added via /inet6/... special file. /inet4/... forces
    IPv4 and /inet chooses the system default (probably IPv4).

16. Added a warning for /[:space:]/ that should be /[[:space:]]/.

17. Merged with John Haque's byte code internals. Adds dgawk debugger and
    possibly improved performance.

18. `break' and `continue' are no longer valid outside a loop, even with
    --traditional.

19. POSIX character classes work with --traditional (BWK awk supports them).

20. Nuked redundant --compat, --copyleft, and --usage long options.

21. Arrays of arrays added. See the doc. (這個更強！)

1. 
   
2. awk 'BEGIN{arr["a"]["b"]=1;arr["a"]["c"]=2;
   
3. for( i in arr)
   
4. for( j in arr[i])
   
5. print i,j,arr[i][j]
   
6. }'
   
7. a b 1
   
8. a c 2
   

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22. Per the GNU Coding Standards, dynamic extensions must now define
    a global symbol indicating that they are GPL-compatible. See
    the documentation and example extensions.
    THIS CHANGES BEHAVIOR!!!!

23. In POSIX mode, string comparisons use strcoll/wcscoll.
    THIS CHANGES BEHAVIOR!!!!

24. The option for raw sockets was removed, since it was never implemented.

25. If not in POSIX mode, gawk turns ranges of the form [d-h] into
    [defgh] before compiling a regexp.  Maybe this will stop all the
    questions about [a-z] matching uppercase letters.
    THIS CHANGES BEHAVIOR!!!!

26. PROCINFO["strftime"] now holds the default format for strftime().

27. Updated to latest infrastructure: Autoconf 2.68, Automake 1.11.1,
    Gettext 0.18.1, Bison 2.5.

28. Many code cleanups. Removed code for many old, unsupported systems:
        - Atari
        - Amiga
        - BeOS
        - Cray
        - MIPS RiscOS
        - MS-DOS with Microsoft Compiler
        - MS-Windows with Microsoft Compiler
        - NeXT
        - SunOS 3.x, Sun 386 (Road Runner)
        - Tandem (non-POSIX)
        - Prestandard VAX C compiler for VAX/VMS
        - Probably others that I've forgotten

29. If PROCINFO["sorted_in"] exists, for(iggy in foo) loops sort the
    indices before looping over them.  The value of this element
    provides control over how the indices are sorted before the loop
    traversal starts. See the manual.

30. A new isarray() function exists to distinguish if an item is an array
    or not, to make it possible to traverse multidimensional arrays.

31. asort() and asorti() take a third argument specifying how to sort.
    See the doc.
--

xiaopan3322

沙發(fā)……

sk1418

很多非常好新功能！
但是，有個問題是，這個4。0什么時候能成為標配阿。在自己機器上過癮地用完了新功能，放server上都不轉了可就麻煩了。

lionfun

先頂！

ziyunfei

Cygwin 編譯中...

xiaopan3322

awk 4.0 改進內容：

1. 增加了新的參數
2. 所有長參數都有對應的短參數
3. "--sandbox" 參數不再調用 system() 來訪問文件系統(tǒng)
4. 默認使用 POSIX 2008 "sub" 和 "gsub" 動作
5. 增強了對正則表達式的支持.
6. 其他方面的改進、bug修復和代碼清理

Shell_HAT

回復 1# yinyuemi


有沒有可以在windows上直接使用的exe？

yinyuemi

回復 9# Shell_HAT


    gawk4.00支持cygwin environment，需要編譯，（不過我沒成功，ls紫云飛兄不知成功沒，老大可以試試）