特殊字符匹配處理

hinux

例如換行、退格這樣的特殊字符，怎樣賦值給變量，并且判斷變量如果存儲(chǔ)的是換行則執(zhí)行某一處理動(dòng)作？
似乎對(duì)于輸入輸出shell可以做的不是很多。

haimming

1. 
   
2. [rockfall@tmp]$a="a\nb\tc"
   
3. [rockfall@tmp]$echo -e $a
   
4. a
   
5. b        c
   
6. [rockfall@tmp]$echo  $a|grep "\n"&&echo Y||echo N
   
7. a\nb\tc
   
8. Y
   
9. [rockfall@tmp]$echo  $a|grep "k"&&echo Y||echo N
   
10. N
    

復(fù)制代碼

是這個(gè)意思嗎？

[ 本帖最后由 haimming 于 2009-2-13 12:02 編輯 ]

hinux

差不多是這樣，但：
root@test # a="a\nb\tc";echo $a                           
a\nb\tc
root@test # a="a\nb\tc";echo $a|grep "\\n"&&echo Y||echo N
N
root@test # a="a\nb\tc";echo -e $a|grep "\\n"&&echo Y||echo N
N
root@test #

例如：
stty raw -echo
char=`dd if=/dev/tty bs=1 count=1 2>/dev/null`
stty sane

現(xiàn)在打算判斷輸入給char的字符是換行或是退格或是制表符怎么判斷？

hinux

沒人曉得嗎？？？

haimming

其它的好弄，制表，換行和退格好像難搞點(diǎn)

waker

NL=$(echo -e '\012')
[ "$char" = "$NL" ] && echo the char is newline

hinux

感謝各位的回復(fù)，我已找到我想要的答案了，在這里貢獻(xiàn)一段代碼，參考了別人的一些內(nèi)容，做了一些改進(jìn)。代碼的作用：把終端輸入的字符賦值給變量，當(dāng)終端輸入為“Backspace”時(shí)回刪一個(gè)輸入字符，當(dāng)輸入為“Enter”時(shí)對(duì)一個(gè)變量的賦值完畢。對(duì)于password的輸入，回顯為“*”。并且每個(gè)變量的長(zhǎng)度不超過35個(gè)字符。這里關(guān)鍵的一個(gè)地方是“Backspace”和“Enter”的特殊字符“^H”和“^M”的輸入，這些字符一定要手敲，不能復(fù)制粘貼。Ctrl+v再按下Backupspace鍵就可以鍵入Backupspace的特殊字符；Ctrl+v再按下Enter鍵就可以鍵入Enter鍵的特殊字符。

#!/bin/bash
get_char(){
stty raw
stty -echo
eval $1="`dd if=/dev/tty bs=1 count=1 2>/dev/null`"
stty echo
stty cooked
}

get_hide_password(){
COUNT="0"
while :;do
  get_char char
  if [ "$char" = "^M" ];then
    break;
  elif [ "$char" = "^H" ];then
    if [ "$COUNT" -gt "0" ];then
      echo -e "\b\b  \b\c";COUNT="`expr $COUNT - 1`"
      continue;
    else
      continue;
    fi
  fi
  if [ "$COUNT" -lt "36" ];then
    PWDSTR="$PWDSTR$char";echo -e "*\c";COUNT="`expr $COUNT + 1`"
  fi
done
if [ "$COUNT" = "0" ]||[ -z "$COUNT" ];then
  PWDSTR="";
else
  PWDSTR="`echo "$PWDSTR" | cut -c 0-"$COUNT"`"
fi
eval $1="$PWDSTR"
unset char PWDSTR COUNT
}

get_public_input(){
COUNT="0"
while :;do
  get_char char
  if [ "$char" = "^M" ];then
    break;
  elif [ "$char" = "^H" ];then
    if [ "$COUNT" -gt "0" ];then
      echo -e "\b \b\c";COUNT="`expr $COUNT - 1`"
      continue;
    else
      continue;
    fi
  fi
  if [ "$COUNT" -lt "36" ];then
    INPUTSTR="$INPUTSTR$char";echo -e "$char\c";COUNT="`expr $COUNT + 1`"
  fi
done
if [ "$COUNT" = "0" ]||[ -z "$COUNT" ];then
  INPUTSTR="";
else
  INPUTSTR="`echo "$INPUTSTR" | cut -c 0-"$COUNT"`"
fi
eval $1="$INPUTSTR"
unset char INPUTSTR COUNT
}

clear   
tput cup 2 0;echo "####################################################################"
tput cup 3 15;echo "User: "
tput cup 4 15;echo "Password: "
tput cup 5 15;echo "Database: "
tput cup 6 15;echo "Connect as: "
tput cup 7 0;echo "####################################################################"
tput cup 3 21;get_public_input USER;
tput cup 4 25;get_hide_password PSWD;
tput cup 5 25;get_public_input DABE;
tput cup 6 27;get_public_input CTAS;
echo -e "\n"
echo "$USER"
echo "$PSWD"
echo "$DABE"
echo "$CTAS"

hinux

腳本還有些不完善的地方，當(dāng)給變量賦予“`”、“"”等符號(hào)時(shí)是會(huì)出錯(cuò)的，仍需要改進(jìn)。

hinux

Sorry，程序有些問題，修改一下：
#!/bin/bash
get_char(){
stty raw
stty -echo
eval $1="`dd if=/dev/tty bs=1 count=1 2>/dev/null`"
stty echo
stty cooked
}

get_hide_password(){
COUNT="0"
while :;do
  get_char char
  if [ "$char" = "^M" ];then
    break;
  elif [ "$char" = "^?" ]||[ "$char" = "^H" ];then
    if [ "$COUNT" -gt "0" ];then
      PWDSTR="`echo "$PWDSTR" | cut -c 0-"$COUNT"`"
      echo -e "\b  \b\c";COUNT="`expr $COUNT - 1`"
      continue;
    else
      PWDSTR=""
      continue;
    fi
  fi
  if [ "$COUNT" -lt "36" ];then
    PWDSTR="$PWDSTR$char";echo -e "*\c";COUNT="`expr $COUNT + 1`"
  fi
done
eval $1="$PWDSTR"
unset char PWDSTR COUNT
}

get_public_input(){
COUNT="0"
while :;do
  get_char char
  if [ "$char" = "^M" ];then
    break;
  elif [ "$char" = "^?" ]||[ "$char" = "^H" ];then
    if [ "$COUNT" -gt "0" ];then
      INPUTSTR="`echo "$INPUTSTR" | cut -c 0-"$COUNT"`"
      echo -e "\b \b\c";COUNT="`expr $COUNT - 1`"
      continue;
    else
      INPUTSTR=""
      continue;
    fi
  fi
  if [ "$COUNT" -lt "36" ];then
    INPUTSTR="$INPUTSTR$char";echo -e "$char\c";COUNT="`expr $COUNT + 1`"
  fi
done
eval $1="$INPUTSTR"
unset char INPUTSTR COUNT
}

clear   
tput cup 2 0;echo "####################################################################"
tput cup 3 15;echo "User: "
tput cup 4 15;echo "Password: "
tput cup 5 15;echo "Database: "
tput cup 6 15;echo "Connect as: "
tput cup 7 0;echo "####################################################################"
tput cup 3 21;get_public_input USER;
tput cup 4 25;get_hide_password PSWD;
tput cup 5 25;get_public_input DABE;
tput cup 6 27;get_public_input CTAS;
echo -e "\n"
echo "$USER"
echo "$PSWD"
echo "$DABE"
echo "$CTAS"