靜態(tài)路由

anonym0us

1. 靜態(tài)路由：
   
2. 
   
3. 
   
4. 首先配置R1 R2 R3的基本配置，為相應(yīng)的接口配置合理的IP 地址。同一根網(wǎng)線上連接的兩個(gè)路由器，要配置相同的網(wǎng)絡(luò)位，不同的主機(jī)位因?yàn)樗麄兪俏挥谕�一個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的不同設(shè)備。
   
5. R1配置：
   
6. 
   
7. Router>enable
   
8. Router#configure terminal
   
9. 
   
10. Router(config)#line console 0
    
11. Router(config-line)#exec-timeout  0 0
    
12. Router(config-line)#logging synchronous
    
13. Router(config-line)#exit
    
14. 
    
15. Router(config)#no ip domain-lookup
    
16. Router(config)#ho R1
    
17. 
    
18. 
    
19. 
    
20. R1(config)#interface loopback 0
    
21. R1(config-if)#ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
    
22. R1(config-if)#no shutdown
    
23. R1(config-if)#exit
    
24. 
    
25. R1(config)#interface loopback 1
    
26. R1(config-if)#ip address 1.1.2.1 255.255.255.255
    
27. R1(config-if)#no shutdown
    
28. R1(config-if)#exit
    
29. 
    
30. R1(config)#interface loopback 2
    
31. R1(config-if)#ip address 1.1.3.1 255.255.255.255
    
32. R1(config-if)#no shutdown
    
33. R1(config-if)#exit
    
34. 
    
35. R1(config)#interface loopback 3
    
36. R1(config-if)#ip address 1.1.4.1 255.255.255.255
    
37. R1(config-if)#no shutdown
    
38. R1(config-if)#exit
    
39. 
    
40. R1(config)#interface f0/0
    
41. R1(config-if)#ip address 12.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
    
42. R1(config-if)#no shutdown
    
43. R1(config-if)#exit
    
44. 
    
45. R2配置：
    
46. 
    
47. Router>enable
    
48. Router#config terminal
    
49. Router(config)#line console 0
    
50. Router(config-line)#exec-timeout 0 0
    
51. Router(config-line)#logging synchronous
    
52. Router(config-line)#exit
    
53. 
    
54. Router(config)#no ip domain-lookup
    
55. Router(config)#ho R2
    
56. 
    
57. R2(config)#interface f0/0
    
58. R2(config-if)#ip address 12.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
    
59. R2(config-if)#no shutdown
    
60. R2(config-if)#exit
    
61. 
    
62. 
    
63. 
    
64. R2(config)#interface f0/1
    
65. R2(config-if)#ip address 23.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
    
66. R2(config-if)#no shutdown
    
67. R2(config-if)#exit
    
68. 
    
69. R2(config)#interface loopback 0
    
70. R2(config-if)#ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255
    
71. R2(config-if)#no  shutdown
    
72. R2(config-if)#exit
    
73. 
    
74. R3配置：
    
75. Router>enable
    
76. Router#config terminal
    
77. 
    
78. Router(config)#line console 0
    
79. Router(config-line)#exec-timeout 0 0
    
80. Router(config-line)#logging synchronous
    
81. Router(config-line)#exit
    
82. Router(config)#no ip domain-lookup
    
83. 
    
84. Router(config)#ho R3
    
85. 
    
86. R3(config)#interface f0/1
    
87. R3(config-if)#ip address 23.1.1.3 255.255.255.0
    
88. R3(config-if)#no shutdown
    
89. R3(config-if)#exit
    
90. 
    
91. R3(config)#interface lo0
    
92. R3(config-if)#ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255
    
93. R3(config-if)#no shutdown
    
94. R3(config-if)#exit
    
95. 
    
96. 接下來在R1 R2 R3上配置靜態(tài)路由，由于一個(gè)路由器的接口配置了IP 地址之后，對(duì)于路由器而言，就產(chǎn)生了到達(dá)該網(wǎng)絡(luò)的路徑，就是我們所說的直連路徑。因此我們僅僅需要配置到達(dá)網(wǎng)絡(luò)中其他地方（非直連）網(wǎng)絡(luò)的路徑即可。
    
97. 
    
98. R1配置：
    
99. 對(duì)于R1而言直連路經(jīng)就是路由表中打C 標(biāo)記的路由，而2.2.2.2/32,3.3.3.3/32,23.1.1.0/24
    
100. 這幾條路徑R1的路由表中沒有(這些是非直連路徑),因此需要針對(duì)這幾條路徑進(jìn)行配置.
     
101. 
     
102. R1#sho ip route
     
103. Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
     
104.        D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
     
105.        N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
     
106.        E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
     
107.        i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
     
108.        * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
     
109.        P - periodic downloaded static route
     
110. 
     
111. Gateway of last resort is not set
     
112. 
     
113.      1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 4 subnets
     
114. C       1.1.1.1 is directly connected, Loopback0
     
115. C       1.1.2.1 is directly connected, Loopback1
     
116. C       1.1.3.1 is directly connected, Loopback2
     
117. C       1.1.4.1 is directly connected, Loopback3
     
118.      12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
     
119. C       12.1.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
     
120. R1#
     
121. 要去哪里----目標(biāo)IP地址和掩碼
     
122. R1(config)#ip route 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255 12.1.1.2               有誰幫我把數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)到目的地---下一跳地址
     
123. R1(config)#ip route 23.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 12.1.1.2
     
124. R1(config)#ip route 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255 f0/0                   要去那里,該從那個(gè)接口把數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)出去—出接口
     
125. 
     
126. R2配置：
     
127. 對(duì)于R2而言 只有 1.1.1.1-----1.1.2.1----1.1.3.1----1.1.4.1以及3.3.3.3 是不直接相連的(非直連),因此只需要針對(duì)這些網(wǎng)段寫靜態(tài)路由就可以了,對(duì)于1.1.1.1----1.1.4.1的這四條路徑,可以用匯總的方式,以一條命令去完成對(duì)于四條命令的匹配.---進(jìn)行匯總.同時(shí)注意,匯總的時(shí)候,有可能將1.1.5.1等等不存在的網(wǎng)段也匯總進(jìn)去了,因此注意,在R1上(應(yīng)為匯總的1.1.1.1—1.1.4.1 是R1上的路徑)部署黑洞路由.
     
128. 
     
129. R2(config)#ip route 1.1.0.0 255.255.248.0 12.1.1.1
     
130. R2(config)#ip route 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255 23.1.1.3
     
131. 
     
132. R1配置:
     
133. 
     
134. R1(config)#ip route 1.1.0.0 255.255.248.0 null 0
     
135. 
     
136. 
     
137. R3配置：
     
138. 在R3上 我們可以認(rèn)為R3上網(wǎng)絡(luò)的終點(diǎn),因此對(duì)于R3而言,到網(wǎng)絡(luò)的任意一點(diǎn),都可以被缺省路由匹配.
     
139. 
     
140. R3(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 23.1.1.2
     
141. 
     
142. 檢查路由表,看看路徑是否都齊全.
     
143. R1 R2 R3要有到達(dá) 1.1.1.1—1.1.2.1---1.1.3.1---1.1.4.1以及12.1.1.0/24;23.1.1.0/24;
     
144. 2.2.2.2/32;3.3.3.3/32的路徑.
     
145. 
     
146. R1配置:
     
147. R1#sho ip route
     
148. Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
     
149.        D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
     
150.        N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
     
151.        E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
     
152.        i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
     
153.        * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
     
154.        P - periodic downloaded static route
     
155. 
     
156. Gateway of last resort is not set
     
157. 
     
158.      1.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 5 subnets, 2 masks
     
159. S       1.1.0.0/21 is directly connected, Null0
     
160. C       1.1.1.1/32 is directly connected, Loopback0
     
161. C       1.1.2.1/32 is directly connected, Loopback1
     
162. C       1.1.3.1/32 is directly connected, Loopback2
     
163. C       1.1.4.1/32 is directly connected, Loopback3
     
164.      2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
     
165. S       2.2.2.2 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
     
166.      3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
     
167. S       3.3.3.3 [1/0] via 12.1.1.2
     
168.      12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
     
169. C       12.1.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
     
170.      23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
     
171. S       23.1.1.0 [1/0] via 12.1.1.2
     
172. 
     
173. R2配置:
     
174. R2#sho ip route
     
175. Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
     
176.        D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
     
177.        N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
     
178.        E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
     
179.        i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
     
180.        * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
     
181.        P - periodic downloaded static route
     
182. 
     
183. Gateway of last resort is not set
     
184. 
     
185.      1.0.0.0/21 is subnetted, 1 subnets
     
186. S       1.1.0.0 [1/0] via 12.1.1.1
     
187.      2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
     
188. C       2.2.2.2 is directly connected, Loopback0
     
189.      3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
     
190. S       3.3.3.3 [1/0] via 23.1.1.3
     
191.      12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
     
192. C       12.1.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
     
193.      23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
     
194. C       23.1.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
     
195. 
     
196. R3配置:
     
197. R3#sho ip rou
     
198. Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
     
199.        D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
     
200.        N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
     
201.        E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
     
202.        i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
     
203.        * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
     
204.        P - periodic downloaded static route
     
205. 
     
206. Gateway of last resort is 23.1.1.2 to network 0.0.0.0
     
207. 
     
208.      3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
     
209. C       3.3.3.3 is directly connected, Loopback0
     
210.      23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
     
211. C       23.1.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
     
212. S*   0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 23.1.1.2
     

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